Table 4 Results of the MR study testing causing the association between sleep apnea and mental health and socioeconomic status

Years of schooling

MR Egger

0.866

0.605

1.238

0.487

5

0.014

0.453

39.029

6.871E-08

Weighted median

1.025

0.993

1.058

0.125

Inverse variance weighted

1.010

0.943

1.081

0.786

Simple mode

1.021

0.918

1.137

0.720

Weighted mode

1.029

0.985

1.074

0.268

College or university degree

MR Egger

0.967

0.781

1.198

0.781

5

0.004

0.740

26.411

2.615E-05

Weighted median

1.020

0.999

1.041

0.060

Inverse variance weighted

1.006

0.969

1.045

0.760

Simple mode

1.026

0.990

1.065

0.235

Weighted mode

1.026

1.003

1.049

0.093

Intelligence

MR Egger

0.853

0.608

1.197

0.426

5

0.016

0.382

15.143

0.004

Weighted median

1.055

1.010

1.102

0.017

Inverse variance weighted

1.015

0.951

1.083

0.658

Simple mode

1.048

0.991

1.108

0.178

Weighted mode

1.050

1.006

1.096

0.089

Income

MR Egger

0.753

0.618

0.919

0.068

5

0.025

0.074

13.684

0.008

Weighted median

0.970

0.930

1.012

0.160

Inverse variance weighted

0.984

0.924

1.048

0.613

Simple mode

0.935

0.871

1.003

0.134

Weighted mode

0.966

0.917

1.017

0.256

Social deprivation

MR Egger

1.186

0.977

1.441

0.184

5

-0.016

0.173

13.523

0.009

Weighted median

0.990

0.958

1.023

0.552

Inverse variance weighted

0.998

0.951

1.046

0.919

Simple mode

0.987

0.945

1.031

0.584

Weighted mode

0.986

0.949

1.024

0.505

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

MR Egger

1.856

0.648

5.315

0.368

4

-0.055

0.372

1.537

0.674

Weighted median

1.011

0.831

1.229

0.916

Inverse variance weighted

1.015

0.854

1.205

0.868

Simple mode

0.932

0.701

1.239

0.662

Weighted mode

1.052

0.822

1.347

0.713

Bipolar disorder

MR Egger

0.988

0.422

2.311

0.979

5

0.005

0.906

0.672

0.955

Weighted median

1.058

0.863

1.296

0.590

Inverse variance weighted

1.043

0.881

1.235

0.625

Simple mode

0.956

0.734

1.246

0.757

Weighted mode

1.094

0.874

1.369

0.479

Major depressive disorder

Inverse variance weighted

1.033

0.744

1.436

0.845

2

NA

NA

18.057

2.143E-05

Schizophrenia

MR Egger

1.219

0.742

2.002

0.491

5

-1.839E-02

0.487

2.138

0.710

Weighted median

0.990

0.885

1.107

0.860

Inverse variance weighted

1.001

0.914

1.097

0.975

Simple mode

1.003

0.869

1.158

0.965

Weighted mode

0.983

0.860

1.124

0.817

Anxiety disorders

MR Egger

0.999

0.986

1.013

0.932

5

1.197E-01

0.884

7.325

0.120

Weighted median

1.000

0.997

1.002

0.674

Inverse variance weighted

1.000

0.998

1.003

0.714

Simple mode

0.999

0.995

1.003

0.735

Weighted mode

0.999

0.996

1.001

0.450