Table 2 Treatments and diagnostics of some selected personalized (genomic) medicine drugs*

1

Mivacurium

Cholinesterase gene

Used for anesthesia adjunct, metabolized by plasma cholinesterase

2

Divalproex

ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTC)

Used in bipolar disorder, in patients with urea cycle disorders (UCD); OTC

3

Trastuzumab, Lapatinib

Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)/neu receptor

Patients with metastatic breast cancer

4

Warfarin

Cytochrome P450 (CYP2C9)

Used in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), patients with CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9* 3 alleles

5

Warfarin

VKORC1

Used in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), single nucleotide polymorphism in VKORC1 gene

6

Atorvastatin

LDLR

Used in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and heterozygous

7

Irinotecan

UGTIA1

Used in colon cancer, homozygous condition for UGTIA1*28

8

Cetuximab, Panitumumab

EGFR expression

Used in colon cancer

9

Carbamazepine

HLA-B*1502

Used in epilepsy and bipolar disorder

10

Abacavir

HLA-B*5701

Used in human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV)

11

Mercaptopurine, thioguanine, azathioprine

Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) test

Used in leukemia

12

Chloroquine

Glucose 6-dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) test

Used in malaria

13

Capecitabine

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) activity test

Used in multiple cancers

14

5-FU

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) activity test

Used in skin cancer

15

Trastuzumab, Lapatinib

Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)/neu receptor

Used in stomach cancer

16

Imatinib

Platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) gene

Used in myelodysplastic syndrome

17

Lenalidomide

5q deletion

Used in myelodysplastic syndrome

18

Celecoxib

CYP2C9

Used in pain, patients suspected to be P450 2C9 poor metabolizers