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Table 1 A summary of TCOA functions and data display

From: The Cancer Omics Atlas: an integrative resource for cancer omics annotations

Module

Function

Visualization

Gene

show mean gene expression values in different cancer types

bar chart

compare gene expression between cancer and normal samples

box plot

show expression correlation between gene and gene in cancers

scatter diagram

compare gene expression between different cancer phenotypes (T, N, M, Stage and Grade)

box plot

compare survival time between gene higher-expression-level and lower-expression-level cancers

survival curve

show gene somatic mutation rates in cancers

bar chart

compare gene somatic mutation rates between different cancer phenotypes (T, N, M, Stage and Grade)

box plot

classify gene somatic mutations in cancers

pie chart

compare survival time between gene-mutated and gene-wildtype cancers

survival curve

compare gene expression between gene-mutated and gene-wildtype cancers

box plot

MicroRNA

show mean miRNA expression values in different cancer types

bar chart

compare miRNA expression between cancer and normal samples

box plot

show expression correlation between gene and miRNA in cancers

scatter diagram

show expression correlation between miRNA and miRNA in cancers

scatter diagram

compare miRNA expression between different phenotypes (T, N, M, Stage and Grade) in cancers

box plot

compare survival time between miRNA higher-expression-level and lower-expression-level cancers

survival curve

Cancer

show mutation rates of the 50 most frequently mutated genes in the cancer type

bar chart

show the up-regulated and down-regulated genes in the cancer type satisfying the threshold given by users

bar chart

show important pathways associated with the highly-expressed genes in the cancer type

bar chart

show the up-regulated and down-regulated miRNAs in the cancer type satisfying the threshold given by users

bar chart

Pan-cancer

show pathways significantly up-regulated in cancers

bar chart

show genes whose upregulation is associated with poor prognosis in cancers

survival curve

show genes whose downregulation is associated with poor prognosis in cancers

survival curve

show genes with increased or decreased expression alterations consistently from normal tissue to low-advanced cancers, and from low-advanced cancers to highly-advanced cancers

bar chart

show the cell cycle pathway consistently up-regulated in cancers

bar chart

show genes whose expression levels are significantly higher or lower in cancers than in normal tissue

table

show genes whose expression levels are significantly higher or lower in high-grade cancers than in low-grade cancers

table

show genes whose expression levels are significantly higher or lower in late-stage cancers than in early-stage cancers

table

compare tumor mutation burden among different cancer types

bar chart

Immuno-Oncology

query molecular profiles of 2877 immune-related genes in cancers

the same as the “Gene” module

Protein

show mean protein expression levels (normalized) in different cancer types

bar chart

show expression correlation between gene and protein in cancers

scatter diagram

compare protein expression between different cancer phenotypes (T, N, M, Stage and Grade)

bar chart

compare survival time between protein higher-expression-level and lower-expression-level cancers

survival curve

  1. T: describes the size of the original (primary) tumor and whether it has invaded nearby tissue
  2. N: describes nearby (regional) lymph nodes that are involved
  3. M: describes distant metastasis (spread of cancer from one part of the body to another)
  4. Stage: describes the progression of cancer
  5. Grade: describes the differentiated level of cancer
  6. low-advanced cancers: early-stage (Stage I-II) or low-grade (Grade I-II) cancers
  7. highly-advanced cancers: late-stage (Stage III-IV) or high-grade (Grade III-IV) cancers
  8. tumor mutation burden: the total number of substitutions, regardless of somatic mutation type in tumor