Fig. 1.

Working pipeline. Step1: construct reference Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network, overlay the co-expression on this PPI network and generate the co-expression PPI (COPPI) networks in 12 brain development spatiotemporal points. Step 2: integrate the five mental disorder Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) data with the co-expression modules. Step 3: calculate the disorder-specific z-score for each co-expression module. Step 4: comparison and functional analysis of the significant modules.