Table 1 Characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy individuals
Characteristics | Â | Cases | Control | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|  |  | n = 501 | n = 501 |  |
Age (years) | Mean ± SD | 59.86 ± 12.86 | 59.60 ± 10.09 | 0.714 |
|  |  > 60 | 240 (48%) | 262 (52%) |  |
|  |  ≤ 60 | 261 (52%) | 239 (48%) |  |
Gender | Male | 359 (72%) | 359 (72%) | 0.528 |
| Â | Female | 142 (28%) | 142 (28%) | Â |
Course of disease |  > 10 versus ≤ 10 years | 194 (39%) | 306 (61%) |  |
No retinal degeneration | Yes | 70 (14%) | – |  |
|  | No | 240 (48%) | – |  |
Smoking | Yes | 218 (44%) | 124 (25%) | 0.593 |
| Â | No | 281 (56%) | 173 (35%) | Â |
Drinking | Yes | 109 (22%) | 127 (25%) |  < 0.0001 |
| Â | No | 385 (77%) | 143 (29%) | Â |
BMI (kg/m2) | BMI > 24 | 239 (48%) | 187 (37%) | 0.089 |
|  | BMI ≤ 24 | 203 (41%) | 123 (25%) |  |