|
Characteristics
| |
Cases
|
Control
|
P
|
|---|
| | |
n = 501
|
n = 501
| |
|---|
|
Age (years)
|
Mean ± SD
|
59.86 ± 12.86
|
59.60 ± 10.09
|
0.714
|
| |
> 60
|
240 (48%)
|
262 (52%)
| |
| |
≤ 60
|
261 (52%)
|
239 (48%)
| |
|
Gender
|
Male
|
359 (72%)
|
359 (72%)
|
0.528
|
| |
Female
|
142 (28%)
|
142 (28%)
| |
|
Course of disease
|
> 10 versus ≤ 10 years
|
194 (39%)
|
306 (61%)
| |
|
No retinal degeneration
|
Yes
|
70 (14%)
|
–
| |
| |
No
|
240 (48%)
|
–
| |
|
Smoking
|
Yes
|
218 (44%)
|
124 (25%)
|
0.593
|
| |
No
|
281 (56%)
|
173 (35%)
| |
|
Drinking
|
Yes
|
109 (22%)
|
127 (25%)
|
< 0.0001
|
| |
No
|
385 (77%)
|
143 (29%)
| |
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
BMI > 24
|
239 (48%)
|
187 (37%)
|
0.089
|
| |
BMI ≤ 24
|
203 (41%)
|
123 (25%)
| |
- Course of disease: the length of time the case has suffered from T2D (participants are divided by the average of the length of time)
- BMI, Body mass index
