Characteristics | Genotypes | p value | p value* | Tertile of total fat (g) | p value | p value* | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GG (n = 117) | AG (n = 51) | AA (n = 53) | T1 (n = 73) | T2 (n = 65) | T3(n = 83) | |||||||||||
Mean or N | SD or % | Mean or N | SD or % | Mean or N | SD or % | Mean or N | SD or % | Mean or N | SD or % | Mean or N | SD or % | |||||
Age (year) | 33.04 | 9.27 | 34.31 | 8.94 | 37.02a | 9.81 | 0.03 | 0.45 | 38.68 | 10.32 | 33.10 | 8.46 | 34.79 | 9.06 | 0.002 | 0.15 |
Weight (kg) | 78.87 | 11.70 | 80.66 | 12.91 | 81.72a | 9.43 | 0.58 | 0.03 | 78.70 | 11.81 | 76.77 | 9.70 | 82.67a,b | 11.22 | 0.005 | 0.91 |
Height (cm) | 160.31 | 5.58 | 161.24 | 5.34 | 161.38 | 6.18 | 0.54 | 0.16 | 160.47 | 6.75 | 161.60 | 5.76 | 161.68 | 5.37 | 0.39 | 0.49 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 31.24 | 2.16 | 30.92 | 4.19 | 31.78 | 2.66 | 0.12 | 0.04 | 30.50 | 3.87 | 29.81 | 3.47 | 31.73a,b | 4.12 | 0.01 | 0.86 |
FM (kg) | 35.43 | 9.70 | 34.57 | 8.54 | 33.50 | 7.95 | 0.38 | 0.28 | 33.25 | 8.14 | 32.91 | 8.63 | 36.71a,b | 9.07 | 0.01 | 0.93 |
Body fat (%) | 42.77 | 6.09 | 42.50 | 4.76 | 41.85 | 5.30 | 0.55 | 0.73 | 42.11 | 5.12 | 41.14 | 5.40 | 43.41b | 5.39 | 0.03 | 0.43 |
FMI (kg/m) | 13.77 | 3.57 | 13.30 | 3.07 | 12.91 | 3.20 | 0.29 | 0.91 | 13.01 | 3.12 | 12.58 | 3.03 | 14.09b | 3.55 | 0.01 | 0.66 |
Arm circumference (cm) | 34.30 | 2.72 | 33.93 | 3.87 | 33.79 | 2.81 | 0.74 | 0.73 | 33.55 | 2.55 | 34.37 | 3.35 | 34.67 | 3.50 | 0.24 | 0.66 |
Physical activity (MET h/wk) | 1215.46 | 2033.81 | 1379.12 | 2823.33 | 1073.74 | 1761.48 | 0.74 | 0.63 | 1307.73 | 2529.64 | 1148.23 | 1905.40 | 1154.00 | 1842.26 | 0.85 | 0.45 |
Marital status | 18 | 26.9 | 13 | 19.4 | 34 | 50.7 | 0.63 | 0.23 | 32 | 29.6 | 35 | 32.4 | 41 | 38 | 0.41 | 0.65 |
 Single |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Married | 32 | 20.8 | 34 | 22.1 | 79 | 51.3 |  |  | 99 | 35.2 | 94 | 33.5 | 88 | 31.3 |  |  |
Economic status | 25 | 45.5 | 20 | 36.4 | 10 | 18.2 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 20 | 35.7 | 19 | 33.9 | 17 | 30.4 | 0.12 | 0.07 |
 Poor |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Moderate | 55 | 54.5 | 17 | 16.8 | 29 | 28.7 |  |  | 29 | 27.1 | 35 | 32.7 | 43 | 40.2 |  |  |
 Good | 31 | 59.6 | 13 | 25 | 8 | 15.4 |  |  | 24 | 42.9 | 10 | 17.9 | 22 | 39.3 |  |  |
Education | 1 | 3.33 | 1 | 3.33 | 1 | 3.33 | 0.63 | 0.07 | 1 | 25 | 1 | 25 | 2 | 50 | 0.46 | 0.15 |
Illiterate | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Under diploma | 10 | 40 | 8 | 32 | 7 | 28 |  |  | 18 | 36.7 | 15 | 30.6 | 16 | 32.7 |  |  |
 Diploma | 43 | 40 | 22 | 32 | 19 | 28 |  |  | 46 | 30.5 | 16 | 39.7 | 45 | 29.8 |  |  |
 Bachelor and higher than | 59 | 60.2 | 19 | 19.4 | 20 | 20.4 |  |  | 36 | 34.6 | 25 | 41.3 | 43 | 24 |  |  |
Supplement intake | 61 | 56.5 | 14 | 15.2 | 19 | 20.7 | 0.10 | 0.93 | 66 | 35.7 | 53 | 28.6 | 66 | 53.7 | 0.22 | 0.41 |
 Yes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 No | 113 | 47.3 | 47 | 25.6 | 31 | 24 |  |  | 62 | 35.2 | 50 | 28.4 | 64 | 36.4 |  |  |
Fat distribution | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
WC (cm) | 99.73 | 9.88 | 98.80 | 10.70 | 97.64 | 9.30 | 0.43 | 0.79 | 97.32 | 9.17 | 96.84 | 9.81 | 100.83b | 9.69 | 0.02 | 0.84 |
HC (cm) | 105.99 | 6.38 | 103.47 | 16.65 | 105.20 | 6.27 | 0.41 | 0.06 | 102.82 | 13.33 | 104.54 | 6.07 | 107.47a | 6.67 | 0.008 | 0.94 |
NC (cm) | 37.01 | 2.06 | 40.88 | 21.03 | 36.52 | 2.52 | 0.15 | 0.83 | 37.23 | 4.00 | 36.97 | 2.60 | 38.36 | 11.43 | 0.47 | 0.77 |
WHR (cm) | 0.94 | 0.06 | 2.86 | 13.28 | 0.92 | 0.05 | 0.17 | 0.81 | 2.17 | 10.65 | 0.92 | 0.05 | 0.93 | 0.05 | 0.36 | 0.42 |
WHtR(cm) | 0.62 | 0.06 | 0.61 | 0.06 | 0.60 | 0.05 | 0.19 | 0.72 | 0.60 | 0.05 | 0.60 | 0.05 | 0.62b | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.63 |
Visceral fat level (cm2) | 16.08 | 3.55 | 16.06 | 3.18 | 15.47 | 3.29 | 0.43 | 0.63 | 15.68 | 3.33 | 15.12 | 3.34 | 16.56b | 3.17 | 0.02 | 0.78 |
Right arm fat (kg) | 2.75 | 1.14 | 2.85 | 1.29 | 2.68 | 0.97 | 0.78 | 0.60 | 2.60 | 0.98 | 2.73 | 1.26 | 3.05 | 1.25 | 0.17 | 0.90 |
Right arm fat (%) | 297.37 | 121.9 | 302.29 | 131.34 | 283.37 | 101.65 | 0.71 | 0.93 | 277.01 | 103.04 | 287.63 | 122.64 | 322.94 | 130.74 | 0.15 | 0.72 |
Left arm fat (kg) | 2.77 | 1.12 | 2.88 | 1.30 | 2.71 | 0.97 | 0.78 | 0.48 | 2.64 | 0.99 | 2.75 | 1.26 | 3.08 | 1.26 | 0.18 | 0.87 |
Left arm fat (%) | 299.95 | 121.61 | 306.43 | 132.27 | 286.17 | 102.13 | 0.69 | 0.89 | 280.69 | 104.38 | 289.41 | 122.27 | 326.75 | 131.12 | 0.14 | 0.68 |
Trunk fat (kg) | 15.92 | 3.56 | 15.96 | 4.14 | 15.73 | 3.29 | 0.94 | 0.54 | 15.38 | 3.33 | 15.81 | 3.87 | 16.82 | 3.72 | 0.14 | 0.95 |
Trunk fat (%) | 307.08 | 69.37 | 303.61 | 72.82 | 296.99 | 63.70 | 0.76 | 0.96 | 292.58 | 62.35 | 298.49 | 66.66 | 317.79 | 70.22 | 0.15 | 0.64 |
Left leg fat (kg) | 4.95 | 1.25 | 5.15 | 1.54 | 4.92 | 1.14 | 0.72 | 0.10 | 4.88 | 1.23 | 4.89 | 1.32 | 5.31 | 1.32 | 0.17 | 0.70 |
Left leg fat (%) | 210.52 | 55.80 | 215.53 | 60.89 | 204.70 | 48.12 | 0.65 | 0.56 | 204.35 | 52.65 | 203.30 | 52.02 | 221.18 | 55.01 | 0.17 | 0.57 |
Right leg fat (kg) | 4.98 | 1.28 | 5.18 | 1.57 | 5.18 | 1.57 | 0.75 | 0.10 | 4.92 | 1.26 | 4.92 | 1.34 | 5.35 | 1.34 | 0.18 | 0.68 |
Right leg fat (%) | 211.85 | 56.92 | 216.81 | 61.61 | 206.11 | 48.53 | 0.66 | 0.52 | 205.75 | 53.28 | 204.68 | 52.57 | 222.68 | 56.05 | 0.18 | 0.57 |
Biochemical parameters | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
FBS (mg/dl) | 85.07 | 9.16 | 84.37 | 7.04 | 88.44 | 9.24 | 0.13 | 0.60 | 88.17 | 9.33 | 84.50 | 7.18 | 88.19 | 9.91 | 0.14 | 0.62 |
CHOL (mg/dl) | 171.34 | 30.85 | 166.68 | 27.28 | 179.45 | 31.76 | 0.25 | 0.34 | 174.37 | 30.33 | 177.61 | 37.43 | 175.78 | 26.69 | 0.92 | 0.59 |
TG (mg/dl) | 140.03 | 80.39 | 103.37 | 50.18 | 109.15 | 51.17 | 0.06 | 0.10 | 122.20 | 69.21 | 117.67 | 68.26 | 108.51 | 45.81 | 0.62 | 0.19 |
HDL-C (mg/dl) | 46.61 | 8.62 | 46.06 | 6.99 | 47.76 | 10.37 | 0.76 | 0.52 | 44.48 | 9.30 | 50.38a | 10.42 | 46.63 | 7.84 | 0.03 | 0.10 |
LDL-C (mg/dl) | 92.65 | 21.21 | 91.06 | 21.65 | 98.89 | 22.13 | 0.29 | 0.49 | 96.34 | 20.19 | 96.52 | 26.80 | 96.65 | 19.57 | 0.99 | 0.81 |
LDL/HDL | 2.02 | 0.48 | 2.04 | 0.63 | 2.14 | 0.59 | 0.62 | 0.73 | 2.23 | 0.56 | 1.96 | 0.61 | 2.12 | 0.52 | 0.17 | 0.38 |
CHOL/HDL | 3.75 | 0.76 | 3.71 | 0.89 | 3.87 | 0.86 | 0.72 | 0.87 | 4.03 | 0.88 | 3.61 | 0.86 | 3.85 | 0.75 | 0.13 | 0.16 |
Insulin (mIU/ml) | 1.21 | 0.02 | 1.22 | 0.03 | 1.22 | 0.02 | 0.87 | 0.22 | 1.20 | 0.20 | 1.21 | 0.22 | 1.22 | 0.25 | 0.70 | 0.88 |
HOMA IR | 2.94 | 0.98 | 2.53 | 1.00 | 3.20 | 1.15 | 0.10 | 0.41 | 3.25 | 1.10 | 2.85 | 1.20 | 3.02 | 1.00 | 0.37 | 0.71 |