Fig. 6

Species construction of the tongue coating and gastric fluid. a Venn diagram of the tongue coating and gastric fluid microbiomes. b Species consistency between the tongue coating and gastric fluid microbiomes per patient. Each column represents a patient. Green indicates the number of species that can be detected in the patient's gastric juice and tongue coating, red indicates the number of species that can only be detected in the patient's tongue coating, and blue indicates the number of species that can only be detected in the patient's gastric juice. c Average abundance of abundant and rare phyla in the tongue coating and gastric fluid. Left, abundant phyla. Right, rare phyla. d Alpha diversity of the tongue coating and gastric fluid microbiomes. Each row represents a patient. The green column indicates the alpha index of the gastric fluid microbiome, and the red column indicates the alpha index of the tongue coating microbiome. e Beta diversity of the tongue coating and gastric fluid microbiomes from the same patient and from different patients