Fig. 3

Pleiotropic association of XXbac-BPG248L24.12, C4A and C4B with IgAN. Top plot, grey dots represent the −log10(P values) for SNPs from the GWAS of IOP, with solid rhombuses indicating that the probes pass HEIDI test. Middle plot, eQTL results. Bottom plot, location of genes tagged by the probes. GWAS, genome-wide association studies; SMR, summary data-based Mendelian randomization; HEIDI, heterogeneity in dependent instruments; eQTL, expression quan-titative trait loci; IgAN, immunoglobulin A nephropathy