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Table 2 Causal association between blood pressure and midlife cognitive function inferred by inverse-variance weighted MR analysis

From: Association of blood pressure with cognitive function at midlife: a Mendelian randomization study

 

DSST

RAVLT

Stroop

SBP

DBP

PP

SBP

DBP

PP

SBP

DBP

PP

IVW

Estimatea

− 0.49

−0.66

− 0.52

− 0.04

− 0.04

− 0.07

0.15

0.18

0.16

95% CI

−0.79, − 0.18

− 1.20, − 0.13

−0.99, − 0.04

−0.11, 0.03

− 0.16, 0.08

−0.18, 0.03

0.03, 0.32

−0.12, 0.48

− 0.11, 0.43

P-value

0.002

0.014

0.033

0.242

0.481

0.164

0.100

0.236

0.251

IVW after removing outliers

Estimatea

− 0.49

−0.77

− 0.67

− 0.07

− 0.05

−0.07

0.23

0.24

0.27

95% CI

−0.80, − 0.17

−1.03, − 0.23

− 1.16, − 0.18

− 0.14, 0.00

− 0.16, 0.06

−0.17, 0.03

0.05, 0.41

−0.07, 0.54

− 0.01, 0.56

P-value

0.002

0.005

0.008

0.046

0.37

0.165

0.011

0.126

0.058

  1. Abbreviations: IVW Inverse-variance weighted, MR Mendelian randomization, SBP Systolic Blood Pressure, DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure, PP Pulse Pressure, DSST Digit Symbol Substitution Test, RAVLT Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Stroop The Stroop Interference test
  2. a Represents the change in cognitive test score per 1-unit (mmHg) change in BP