Fig. 1

Sample collection and timeline. Blood samples were collected prospectively from HIV-infected Ugandans with CM who were enrolled in the COAT Trial. After COAT study completion, samples from 68 patients were chosen for transcriptome analyses. Of these patients, 39 had been randomized to the earlier ART arm of the COAT Trial, and 29 had been randomized to the deferred ART arm. Ten subjects from each arm did not develop C-IRIS or death (No C-IRIS or Death), 10 subjects in each arm had C-IRIS and survived (C-IRIS Survivors), and 9 subjects in each arm died without C-IRIS (Death without C-IRIS). Ten subjects from the earlier ART arm had C-IRIS and died (Fatal C-IRIS). At the far left of the figure, the number of patients in each of these groups is shown. Blood was collected at randomization immediately prior to ART initiation (W0), one week after ART initiation (W1), at week 4 (W4) and week 8 (W8) after ART initiation, and at the time of C-IRIS events (C-IRIS). The number of samples collected and analyzed at each of these time points for each group of patients is shown