Fig. 1
From: Mendelian randomization indicates that atopic dermatitis contributes to the occurrence of diabetes
Study design flow diagram of Mendelian randomization (MR). Three key assumptions should be met: Assumption 1: Instrumental variables (IVs) should directly and significantly affect the risk of atopic dermatitis (AD). Assumption 2: IVs associated with any potential confounders should be absolutely avoided. Assumption 3: IVs should only affect type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) through AD. SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphisms