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Table 1 Multivariable MR Results of Blood lipids on Risk of MDD, Anxiety Disorder, Panic Disorder, PTSD, AD and SCZ

From: Causal relationships between blood lipids and major psychiatric disorders: Univariable and multivariable mendelian randomization analysis

Exposure

Outcome

MVMR-IVW

MVMR-Median

MVMR-Egger

OR (95% CI)

P value

OR (95% CI)

P value

OR (95% CI)

P value

TC

MDD

1.02 (0.98–1.06)

0.24

1.04 (0.97–1.08)

0.28

1.01 (0.96–1.06)

0.33

 

Anxiety Disorder

1.09 (0.92–1.29)

0.33

1.09 (0.90–1.30)

0.35

1.05 (0.79–1.22)

0.31

 

Panic Disorder

1.14 (0.82–1.59)

0.42

1.10 (0.82–1.30)

0.40

1.04 (0.75–1.40)

0.60

 

PTSD

1.02 (0.87–1.20)

0.82

1.06 (0.87–1.22)

0.88

1.01 (0.87–1.08)

0.78

 

AD

1.46 (0.78–2.74)

0.24

1.30 (0.78–2.10)

0.26

1.01 (0.90–1.21)

0.30

 

SCZ

0.95 (0.87–1.03)

0.23

0.99 (0.89–1.03)

0.20

1.02 (0.92–1.12)

0.26

HDL-C

MDD

0.98 (0.95–0.998)

0.03

0.96 (0.94–1.01)

0.06

0.98 (0.96–0.99)

0.04

 

Anxiety Disorder

0.89 (0.75–1.05)

0.18

0.86 (0.74–1.02)

0.13

0.88 (0.76–1.05)

0.20

 

Panic Disorder

0.93 (0.78–1.09)

0.36

0.90 (0.70–1.10)

0.38

0.83(0.53–1.31)

0.43

 

PTSD

0.92 (0.86–0.99)

0.02

0.90 (0.85–0.98)

0.02

0.85 (0.74–0.95)

0.02

 

AD

0.46 (0.32–0.65)

< 0.001

0.56 (0.45–0.71)

< 0.001

0.58 (0.51–0.72)

< 0.001

 

SCZ

0.98 (0.91–1.05)

0.58

0.98 (0.91–1.07)

0.54

1.03 (0.88–1.17)

0.63

LDL-C

MDD

1.07 (0.96–1.17)

0.14

1.05 (0.96–1.17)

0.10

0.96(0.93–1.02)

0.13

 

Anxiety Disorder

1.05 (0.88–1.25)

0.57

1.05 (0.90–1.22)

0.62

0.78 (0.69–1.04)

0.50

 

Panic Disorder

0.99 (0.75–1.30)

0.95

1.00 (0.80–1.32)

0.98

1.00 (0.77–1.26)

0.92

 

PTSD

0.95 (0.83–1.09)

0.49

0.96 (0.85–1.09)

0.55

0.96 (0.92–1.04)

0.56

 

AD

0.99 (0.57–1.71)

0.97

1.00 (0.57–1.60)

0.90

1.01 (0.92–1.13)

0.89

 

SCZ

1.07 (0.98–1.17)

0.14

1.05 (0.98–1.15)

0.22

0.99 (0.95–1.03)

0.10

TG

MDD

1.02 (1.00-1.03)

0.03

1.04 (1.01–1.07)

0.03

1.05 (1.02–1.07)

0.026

 

Anxiety Disorder

1.03 (0.94–1.13)

0.54

1.13 (0.94–1.25)

0.61

1.05 (0.88–1.24)

0.54

 

Panic Disorder

0.83 (0.73–0.95)

0.005

0.86 (0.73–0.98)

0.004

0.78(0.62–0.85)

0.004

 

PTSD

0.98 (0.93–1.03)

0.45

0.95 (0.93–1.01)

0.56

0.87 (0.80–0.97)

0.52

 

AD

0.93 (0.72–1.20)

0.57

0.90 (0.72–1.16)

0.55

1.07 (0.97–1.17)

0.50

 

SCZ

1.05 (0.999-1.10)

0.05

1.02 (0.98–1.10)

0.06

1.04 (0.96–1.22)

0.06

  1. Abbreviations: TC, Total cholesterol; HDL-C, High density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, Low density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, Triglycerides; MDD, Major Depressive Disorder; PTSD, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; AD, Alzheimer’s Disease; SCZ, Schizophrenia; OR, odds ratio
  2. Each estimate (OR) is based on the multivariable IVW method and represents the direct effect of the risk factor on the respective outcome after controlling for the other 3 lipid fraction in MVMR. ORs are reported per SD increase in the respective lipid fraction
  3. Associations of P < 0.05 are shown in bold