Genome-wide neonatal epigenetic changes associated with maternal exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic

BMC Medical Genomics

Table 1 Demographic and clinical information associated with pre-pandemic and pandemic cohorts, including maternal COVID-19 infection during pregnancy

	Pre-Pandemic (CTL)		Pandemic (RES)				Pandemic (RES)
	total (n = 12)		total (n = 32)				COVID-19 negative (n = 17)		COVID-19 positive (n = 15)
	mean	stdev	mean	stdev	p		mean	stdev	mean	stdev	p
Infant gestational age (GA) at collection, in weeks	43.8	2.4	44.3	3.0	0.60		44.7	2.6	43.8	3.3	0.37
Infant weight at delivery, in grams	3374	428	3381	558	0.97		3440	394	3315	710	0.54
Infant head circumference at delivery, in cm	34.8	1.3	34	2	0.33		35	1	34	2	0.29
Infant length at delivery, in cm	51.2	2.2	51	4	0.61		50	4	51	3	0.42
Maternal age at birth, in years	34.3	4.1	32	6	0.33		35	4	29	6	*0.001*
GA at COVID-19 diagnosis, in weeks									34	8
	n	%	n	%	z	p	n	%	n	%	z	p
Smoking, maternal
Yes	0	0	1	0	n/a	n/a	0	0	1	0	n/a	n/a
Self-reported race, infant
White	8	67	11	34	1.93	0.05	10	59	1	7	3.10	*0.002*
Black	1	8	7	22	-1.04	0.30	2	12	5	33	-1.47	0.14
Asian	0	0	2	6	-0.89	0.37	2	12	0	0	1.37	0.17
Multiple/Other	2	17	3	9	0.68	0.50	2	12	1	7	0.49	0.62
Unknown	1	8	9	28	-1.39	0.16	1	6	8	53	-2.80	*0.002*
Self-reported ethnicity, infant
Hispanic	1	8	10	31	-1.56	0.12	1	6	9	60	-3.30	*0.001*
Non-Hispanic	11	92	22	69	1.56	0.12	16	94	6	40	3.30	*0.001*
Infant sex
Female	5	42	14	44	-0.12	0.90	5	29	9	60	-1.74	0.08
Male	7	58	18	56	0.12	0.9	12	71	6	40	1.74	0.08

Statistically significant p-values (≤ 0.05) are indicated in bold and italics. Collection methods for these data are detailed in the Methods section

ISSN: 1755-8794