Adherence to the Mediterranean diet can beneficially affect the gut microbiota composition: a systematic review

Khavandegar, Armin; Heidarzadeh, Ali; Angoorani, Pooneh; Hasani-Ranjbar, Shirin; Ejtahed, Hanieh-Sadat; Larijani, Bagher; Qorbani, Mostafa

doi:10.1186/s12920-024-01861-3

BMC Medical Genomics

Table 5 Cochrane bias assessment tool for interventional studies

From: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet can beneficially affect the gut microbiota composition: a systematic review

No.	Study	Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias)	Blinding of outcome assessments (detection bias)	Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)	Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Other bias
1	Kong et al. 2014 [43]	Unclear	N/A^c	N/A^c	N/A^c	High risk ^a	Low risk	No
2	Haro et al. 2015 [44]	Low risk	Low risk	N/A^d	N/A^d	Low risk	Low risk	No
3	Haro et al. 2016 [37]	Low risk	Low risk	N/A^d	N/A^d	Low risk	Low risk	No
4	Haro et al. 2017 [38]	Low risk	Low risk	N/A^d	N/A^d	Low risk	Low risk	No
5	Djuric et al. 2017 [41]	Low risk	Low risk	N/A^d	N/A^d	Low risk	Low risk	No
6	Luisi et al. 2019 [45]	Unclear	N/A^c	N/A^c	N/A^c	Low risk	Low risk	No
7	Pagliai et al. 2019 [46]	Low risk	Low risk	N/A^d	N/A^d	Low risk	Low risk	No
8	Ghosh et al. 2020 [47]	Unclear	N/A^e	N/A^e	N/A^e	Low risk	Low risk	No
9	Pisanu et al. 2020 [48]	Unclear	N/A^e	N/A^e	N/A^e	Low risk	Low risk	No
10	Zhu et al. 2020 [49]	Low risk	Low risk	N/A^d	N/A^d	Low risk	Low risk	No
11	Galié et al. 2021 [34]	Low risk	Low risk	N/A^d	N/A^d	Low risk	Low risk	No
12	Galié et al. 2021 [35]	Low risk	Low risk	N/A^d	N/A^d	Low risk	Low risk	No
13	Ismael et al. 2021 [39]	Unclear	N/A^e	N/A^e	N/A^e	Low risk	Low risk	No
14	Muralidharan et al. 2021 [50]	Low risk	Low risk	N/A^d	N/A^d	Low risk	Low risk	No
15	Rejeski et al. 2021 [51]	Unclear	N/A^e	N/A^e	N/A^e	Low risk	Low risk	No
16	Babrber et al. 2021 [52]	Low risk	Low risk	N/A^d	N/A^d	Low risk	Low risk	No
17	Choo et al. 2023 [42]	Unclear	Low risk	N/A^d	N/A^d	Low risk	Low risk	No
18	Boughanema et al. 2023 [36]	Unclear	N/A^e	N/A^e	N/A^e	Low risk	Low risk	No
19	Gómez-Pérez et al. 2023 [40]	Unclear	Low risk	N/A^d	N/A^d	Low risk	Low risk	No
20	Shoer et al. 2023 [53]	High risk^b	Low risk	N/A^d	N/A^d	Low risk	Low risk	No

^alost to follow-up in five of 50 cases
^bEligible participants were invited to the study
^cNot Applicable due to informed patients allocation to different groups
^dparticipants Randomized allocation was performed; but further blinding was no applicable due to different dietary intervention
^eNot applicable; as there was only one group assessed before and after dietary intervention (single arm)

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