Table 3 Comparisons of clinical characteristics in T2DM patients with different NOS1AP rs12742393 genotypes before and after nateglinide treatment

N(male/female)

24(17/7)

36(22/14)

0.598^b

FPG (mmol/L)

Before

9.97 ± 2.54

10.32 ± 2.02

0.580

After

6.51 ± 1.34

8.75 ± 1.44

0.000

DV

 − 3.48 ± 2.55

 − 1.57 ± 1.28

0.000^c

PPG (mmol/L)

Before

17.25 ± 4.31

16.73 ± 4.50

0.651

After

10.47 ± 3.45

12.95 ± 3.68

0.016

DV

 − 6.78 ± 4.41

 − 4.81 ± 3.57

0.000^c

FINS (mU/L)

Before

9.33 ± 6.49

8.92 ± 5.96

0.802

After

10.04 ± 6.26

12.87 ± 6.81

0.110

DV

0.72 ± 5.15

3.98 ± 4.65

0.014

PINS (mU/L)

Before

31.63 ± 22.32

31.90 ± 21.62

0.963

After

46.91 ± 26.82

47.82 ± 26.90

0.028

DV

14.31 ± 14.23

17.36 ± 15.33

0.441

HOMA-IR

Before

4.04 ± 2.96

4.02 ± 2.58

0.978

After

2.81 ± 1.66

4.32 ± 2.21

0.006

DV

 − 1.22 ± 2.07

0.21 ± 1.23

0.001

HOMA-B

Before

25.45 ± 17.21

27.01 ± 16.92

0.730

After

75.20 ± 43.81

47.7 ± 39.31

0.014

DV

45.95 ± 37.23

22.48 ± 21.93

0.003

HbA1c (%)

Before

9.81 ± 1.89

9.68 ± 1.96

0.809

After

7.02 ± 0.78

7.01 ± 1.74

0.979

DV

 − 2.79 ± 1.58

 − 2.71 ± 1.28

0.830

TG (mmol/L)

Before

2.21 ± 1.53

2.51 ± 2.26

0.572

After

1.84 ± 1.04

2.06 ± 2.02

0.625

DV

 − 0.36 ± 1.13

 − 0.37 ± 2.04

0.983

TC (mmol/L)

Before

5.10 ± 1.01

5.32 ± 1.78

0.585

After

5.04 ± 0.91

4.74 ± 1.23

0.311

DV

 − 0.06 ± 0.91

 − 0.54 ± 1.47

0.806

HDL-C (mmol/L)

Before

1.41 ± 0.42

1.39 ± 0.49

0.871

After

1.37 ± 0.39

1.30 ± 0.43

0.524

DV

 − 0.06 ± 0.45

 − 0.11 ± 0.66

0.747

LDL-C (mmol/L)

Before

3.10 ± 0.82

3.19 ± 1.16

0.744

After

3.31 ± 0.91

3.02 ± 1.12

0.295

DV

0.21 ± 0.92

 − 0.03 ± 1.37

0.455