Retinoblastoma genetics screening and clinical management
India accounts for 20% of the global retinoblastoma (RB) burden. However, the existing data on RB1 gene germline mutations and its influence on clinical decisions is minimally explored.
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India accounts for 20% of the global retinoblastoma (RB) burden. However, the existing data on RB1 gene germline mutations and its influence on clinical decisions is minimally explored.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) represents by far the most common non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in the world with an increasing incidence of 3% to 10% per year, especially in patients under the age of 40. While v...
Pathogenic variants in connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras-2 (CNKSR2) located on the X chromosome (Xp22.12) lead to a disorder characterized by developmental delay and a characteristic seizure phenotyp...
Benign breast disease (BBD) is a risk factor for breast cancer (BC); however, little is known about the genetic alterations present at the time of BBD diagnosis and how these relate to risk of incident BC.
Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) is a rare autosomal recessive condition, which is caused by biallelic mutations in mismatch repair genes: MSH2, MLH1, MSH6, and PMS2.
To study the accumulation of MS-risk resulting from different combinations of MS-associated conserved-extended-haplotypes (CEHs) of the MHC and three non-MHC “risk-haplotypes” nearby genes EOMES, ZFP36L1, and CLE...
SYN1 encodes synapsin I, which is a neuronal phosphoprotein involving in regulating axonogenesis and synaptogenesis. Variants in the gene have been associated with X-linked neurodevelopmental disorders in recent ...
DMD/BMD prenatal diagnosis for 931 foetuses.
Breast cancer (BC) is the most invasive cancer with different subtypes that its metabolism is unique compared with normal cells. Glutamine is considered critical nutrition that many cancer cells, particularly ...
Many studies have proposed that the pathogenesis of obesity has a genetic basis, with an important risk factor being the presence of polymorphisms in the region of the TMEM18 gene, which plays a significant role ...
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, one of the most common childhood neoplasms. Hypodiploidy is a chromosome abnormality with fewer than 45 chromosomes and is asso...
This study aimed to use whole-exome sequencing (WES) to diagnose ultra-rare renal diseases and the clinical impact of such an approach on patient care.
Huntingtin (Htt) protein is the product of the gene mutated in Huntington’s disease (HD), a fatal, autosomal dominant, neurodegenerative disorder. Normal Htt is essential for early embryogenesis and the develo...
Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is an X-linked multisystem disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding iduronate 2-sulfatase (IDS). The clinical manifestations of MPS II include skeletal deformities,...
Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT) is a group of genetically and clinically heterogeneous peripheral nervous system disorders. Few studies have identified genetic causes of CMT in the Pakistani patients.
Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) is life-threatening, and a definitive aetiological diagnosis is essential for management and prognostication. We conducted this study to investigate the genetic aetiologies ...
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is an indolent heme malignancy characterized by the accumulation of CD5+ CD19+ B cells and episodes of relapse. The biological signaling that influence episodes of relapse in CL...
Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (SEDC) is an autosomal dominant chondrodysplasia characterized by disproportionate short stature, abnormal epiphyses, and flattened vertebral bodies. COL2A1 has been confirm...
Evidence from genetic epidemiology indicates that type 2 diabetes (T2D) has a strong genetic basis. Activated STAT4 has an inflammatory effect, and STAT4 is an important mediator of inflammation in diabetes. Our ...
Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) is a pigmentary dermatosis characterized by generalized mottled macules with hypopigmention and hyperpigmention. ABCB6 and SASH1 are recently reported pathogenic genes...
Data on the modalities of disclosing genomic secondary findings (SFs) remain scarce. We explore cancer patients’ and the general public’s perspectives about disclosing genomic SFs and the modalities of such di...
Repeat elements constitute a large proportion of the human genome and recent evidence indicates that repeat element expression has functional roles in both physiological and pathological states. Specifically f...
DNA polymerase epsilon (POLE) is encoded by the POLE gene, and POLE-driven tumors are characterized by high mutational rates. POLE-driven tumors are relatively common in endometrial and colorectal cancer, and the...
Down syndrome is characterized by trisomy 21 or partial duplication of chromosome 21. Extensive studies have focused on the identification of the Down Syndrome Critical Region (DSCR). We aim to provide evidenc...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and invasive malignant tumors in the world. The change in DNA methylation is a key event in HCC.
Genome-wide association studies have identified many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with increased risk for intracranial aneurysm (IA). However, how such variants affect gene expression with...
Single cell sequencing of human heart tissue is technically challenging and methods to cryopreserve heart tissue for obtaining single cell information have not been standardized. Studies published to date have...
Karyomegalic interstitial nephritis (KIN) is a rare disease entity first described by Burry in 1974. The term KIN was introduced by Mihatsch et al. in 1979. KIN is characterized by chronic tubulointerstitial n...
Recent scientific research has enabled the identification of macrophages related-genes (MaRG), which play a key role in the control of the immune microenvironment in many human cancers. However, the functional...
Somatic mutations in Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) and tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) genes were separately perceived as contributors to hematopoietic disorders and usually thought to have a mutually exclusive ef...
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) type 4B3 (CMT4B3) is a rare form of genetic neuropathy associated with variants in the MTMR5/SBF1 gene. MTMR5/SBF1 is a pseudophosphatase predicted to regulate endo-lysosomal tra...
Genetic polymorphisms in the MTNR1B gene is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, there is no evidence about its impact on the therapeutic efficacy of nateglinide. This prospective case–contro...
COVID-19 is a respiratory viral infection with unique features including a more chronic course and systemic disease manifestations including multiple organ involvement; and there are differences in disease sev...
Structural rearrangements of the genome, which generally occur during meiosis and result in large-scale (> 1 kb) copy number variants (CNV; deletions or duplications ≥ 1 kb), underlie genomic disorders. Recurr...
Refractive eye development is regulated by optical defocus in a process of emmetropization. Excessive exposure to negative optical defocus often leads to the development of myopia. However, it is still largely...
Variants identified through parent–child trio-WES yield up to 28–55% positive diagnostic rate across a variety of Mendelian disorders, there remain numerous patients who do not receive a genetic diagnosis. Stu...
Milroy disease (MD) is a rare, autosomal-dominant disorder. Variants in the Fms-related tyrosine kinase 4 (FLT4/VEGFR3) gene cause the symptoms of this disease. In this report, we investigated the variant in a la...
Oligonucleotide array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) analysis has been used for detecting somatic copy number alterations (CNAs) in various types of tumors. This study aimed to assess the clinical ut...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is mainly affected by genetic and environmental factors; however, the correlation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with T2DM remains largely unknown.
Skeletal dysplasia (SD) conditions are rare genetic diseases of the skeleton, encompassing a heterogeneous group of over 400 disorders, and represent approximately 5% of all congenital anomalies. Developments ...
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) is a debilitating bone disease, characterized by collapse of the femoral head and subsequent loss of hip joint function. Heterozygous mutations in COL2A1 have been id...
Characterization of the molecular basis of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH-1) in Syria has been accomplished through the analysis of 90 unrelated chromosomes from 45 Syrians patients with PH-1 from different ...
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects multiple arteries. Numerous studies have shown the inherent immune diversity in atheromatous plaques and suggest that the dysfunction of different...
Transmission within families and multiple spike protein mutations have been associated with the rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2. We aimed to: (1) describe full genome characterization of SARS-CoV-2 and corre...
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Allelic imbalance (AI) in tumors is caused by chromosomal and sub-chromosomal gains and losses.
Ichthyosis is a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by genetic disorders related to skin formation. They are characterized by generalized dry skin, scaling, hyperkeratosis and frequently associated with ery...
The use of genetically-informed personalized risk information for behavioral disorders, namely smoking and smoking-related behaviors, is a promising yet understudied area. The Genetics and Smoking Risk Profile...
Older aged adults and those with pre-existing conditions are at highest risk for severe COVID-19 associated outcomes.
We report a patient with Essential Thrombocythemia (ET), subsequently diagnosed with concurrent myeloid and lymphoid leukemia. Generally, the molecular mechanisms underlying leukemic transformation of Philadel...
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