Skip to main content
Download PDF

A randomized trial evaluating the association between related gene polymorphism and nausea and vomiting induced by cisplatin multi-day chemotherapy

BMC Medical Genomics volume 16, Article number: 276 (2023) Cite this article

Abstract

Purpose

We aim to investigate the correlation between gene polymorphisms and cisplatin chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), which was prevented by olanzapine or aprepitant triple antiemetic regimen.

Methods

Before chemotherapy, the blood samples of 89 malignant tumor patients who received multi-day chemotherapy with cisplatin were collected for sequencing and typing. As there were duplicate patients enrolled in different chemotherapy cycles, there were a total of 190 cases. The patients were divided into two groups randomly, who received the triple antiemetic regimen of olanzapine or aprepitant combined with 5-HT3RA and dexamethasone. The main evaluation indicators were the total protection (TP) rate in the acute phase (0–24 h), the delayed phase (25–120 h) and the overall phase (0-120 h).

Results

Univariate analysis was performed on genetic loci that reached H-W balance with TP. In the olanzapine group, increased TP in the acute phase was associated with HTR3A rs1176719 non-GG (P < 0.05) genotype etc. Increased TP in the delayed phase was associated with HTR3A rs1176719 non-GG (P < 0.05) genotype etc. In the aprepitant group, increased TP in the acute phase was associated with the MTHFR rs1801131 TT (P < 0.05) genotype etc. Increased TP in the delayed phase was associated with HTR3A rs1062613 CC (P < 0.05) genetype ect. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that HTR3B rs7943062GG (P < 0.05) genotype etc. were correlated with increased TP in the delayed phase. MTHFR rs1801131TT genotype was associated with increased TP in the acute phase (P < 0.05) and delayed phase (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

This study found that gene polymorphisms, including HTR3B (rs1062613, rs1176719, rs2276303), HTR3B (rs45460698, rs7943062), HTR3C (rs6766410), ERCC1 (rs3212986), ERCC4 (rs744154) and MTHFR(rs1801131), may be independent prognostic factors for CINV.

Peer Review reports

Introduction

CINV can lead to electrolyte imbalance, dehydration, malnutrition, and esophageal damage, which not only affects the quality of life of patients, but also reduces overall survival and increases treatment costs [1]. A review of clinical trials identified several clinical risk factors for CINV: female sex, younger age, history of low-dose alcohol consumption and dizziness [2]. Individual differences in CINV occurrence, however, cannot fully and accurately be explained by these factors [3]. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are of great significance to the risk and individualized prediction of CINV. Different types of CINV (i.e., acute, delayed, predicted, sudden, and refractory) transmit via different pathways and neurotransmitters. Therefore, pharmacological approaches to prevention and treatment vary according to the type of CINV and the genes involved [4]. The gene profile among patients may be an independent risk factor. Related studies have shown that 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3(5-HTR3), excision repair cross-complementation (ERCC), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR), ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2), Fas cell surface death receptor (FAS), C-C motif chemokine ligand 2(CCL2), ATPase copper transporting beta(ATP7B), Tachykinin receptor 1(TACR1), cytochrome P450 family2 subfamily D member 6(CYP2D6) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2) gene may be associated with CINV.

Among the 5-HT and its receptor, only 5-HTR3 as a ligand-gated ion channel plays a role in the pathogenesis of CINV [5]. This receptor is involved in the transmission of information in the gastrointestinal tract, and regulates intestinal motility, inducing the occurrence of nausea and vomiting [6]. 5-HT3 receptor antagonists selectively bind to and inhibit 5-HT3R and are currently used to prevent and treat CINV after FDA approval, such as ondansetron and palonosetron. 5-HTR3 consists of subunits encoded by the HTR3A, HTR3B, HTR3C, HTR3D, and HTR3E genes [7]. Different subunit compositions lead to the complexity of the 5HT3 receptor system. Clinical and cell culture studies have found that variations in 5-HTR3 influence protein function and clinical outcome in CINV [8]. ERCC is an essential step in nucleotide excision repair pathway (NER). Cancer cells that express high levels of ERCC proteins and genes are more susceptible to chemotherapy toxicity and cisplatin resistance. ERCC1 and ERCC4 are key elements in the NER pathway [9]. It is currently believed that ERCC1 polymorphisms may be associated with survival outcomes and gastrointestinal toxicity in patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy. A key component of folate metabolism, MTHFR oversees gene regulation and DNA methylation [10]. A Chinese study found that MTHFR gene polymorphisms are associated with CINV [11]. The polymorphisms of drug transporter ABCG2 and ATP7B genes may change the uptake and efflux rate of chemotherapeutic drugs into the blood-brain barrier, resulting in different incidence and severity of CINV [12, 13]. The transmembrane protein encoded by ABCG2 gene is a part of the blood-brain barrier, which can lead to the outflow of some chemotherapeutic drugs [13]. ATP7B gene encodes ATP7B enzyme. The high expression of ATP7B gene is related to the higher outflow and accumulation rate of chemotherapeutic drugs in the blood. FAS and CCL2 genes play an important role in controlling cell homeostasis. CCL2 is a chemokine gene involved in immune regulation and inflammatory processes [14]. FAS is a death receptor system gene, which can mediate apoptosis induction to maintain immune homeostasis [15]. They are also important in the immune response and elimination of abnormal cells and cancer cells. Neurokinin 1 antagonists such as aprepitant exert antiemetic effects in the area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarius. A Japanese study suggested that the TACR1 gene encoding the NK1 receptor may be related to CINV. ALDH2 is the key rate-limiting enzyme for the oxidative detoxification of acetaldehyde, the metabolite of ethanol [16]. A new Chinese study suggests that the rs671 mutation of the ALDH2 gene may be a relevant factor affecting the occurrence of CINV [17].

This study is based on our previous study of ABCB1 rs1045642, female is an independent risk factor for CINV [1]. We combined the 42 SNPs of metabolic enzymes, transporters and targeting receptors reported in domestic and foreign literatures that may be related to CINV to explore the relationship between related SNPs and CINV susceptibility. This provides a scientific basis for exploring cost-effective and individualized antiemetic solutions.

Materials and methods

General information

A group of patients who visited Ordos Central Hospital’s Department of Medical Oncology between March 2019 and December 2020 was collected. They were administered the highly emetogenic chemotherapy drug cisplatin in divided doses. Before chemotherapy, 10ml of peripheral blood was drawn from 89 patients, whose treatment consisted of olanzapine or aprepitant coupled with dexamethasone and 5-HT3RA randomly selected by random number table. As there were duplicate patients enrolled in different chemotherapy cycles, finally, there were a total of 190 cases. Among them, the olanzapine group had 94 cases and the aprepitant group had 96 cases. The baseline characteristics of the two groups are comparable, as shown in Table 1. This study has obtained the informed consent of the subjects and their relatives. Ethics approval for this study has been provided by Ordos Central Hospital and registration in China Clinical Trial Registration Center has been completed (Registration number:ChiCTR20000368269 (25/08/2020)). The study has followed CONSORT guidelines and the protocol was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki [18].

Table 1 Patients baseline characteristics (n(%))
Full size table

Research methods

All patients in the group received a multi-day chemotherapy regimen of cisplatin, and the total dose of cisplatin was calculated according to 75 mg/m2, which was divided into days d1-3. The triple antiemetic regimen in the olanzapine group was: olanzapine 5 mg for 1–4 days, dexamethasone 10 mg for 1–3 days, and tropisetron 5 mg for 1–3 days. The triple antiemetic regimen of the aprepitant group was: aprepitant 125 mg on day 1 and 80 mg on day 2 and 3, dexamethasone 5 mg on day 1–3, and tropisetron 5 mg on day 1–3. Studies have shown that aprepitant can moderately inhibit CYP3A4 enzymes, interfere with the pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone and increase its blood concentration. So in contrast to the olanzapine group, the dexamethasone dose was halved in the aprepitant group [19]. (2) A total of 89 patients’ 5ml peripheral blood was collected on the day of chemotherapy and stored at -80 °C. BGI TECH SOLUTIONS (BEIJING LIUHE) CO.,Ltd. was entrusted to use MassARRAY SNP genotyping technique to sequence and type the following SNP sites: rs1062613, rs1176719, rs1176722, rs2276305, rs4938058, rs909411, rs1176713, rs1176744, rs12795805, rs2276303, rs3758987, rs45460698, rs7943062, rs11615, rs3212986, rs25487, rs744154, rs1801131, rs2231142, rs2238476, rs246240, rs2231137, rs2234978, rs2530797, rs3755468, rs3771836, rs17838409, rs2111375, rs3821313, rs6715729, rs16947, rs3892097, rs1065852, rs3918290, rs67376798, rs671, rs6766410, rs1801133, rs1801244, rs2854344, rs6443930, rs956304. Peripheral blood samples (5 mL) were collected from all subjects by a professional technician using a vacutainer and placed into tubes containing EDTA. We used a commercial DNA extraction kit (ZhongkeBio Medical Technology Co., Nanjing, China) to extract DNA from blood samples, according to the manufacturer’s protocol. DNA concentration and purity were evaluated using a NanoDrop2000 (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA), and all samples met the quality requirements (OD 260/280 = 1.6–2.2). SNP detection primers were designed using Agena Bioscience Assay Designer4.0 software (https://agenacx.com/online-tools/) and synthesized by Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. SNPs were genotyped using an Agena MassARRAY RS1000 (Agena, San Diego, CA, USA), according to the standard recommended instructions. Agena Bioscience 4.0 software was used to analyze and manage data.

Evaluation indicators

After the start of chemotherapy, daily ward rounds are conducted or patient diaries are distributed to record nausea and vomiting within 0-120 h, their frequency, intensity, and adverse reactions. We also guide patients to fill in the FLIE scale. As evaluation indicators, TP was evaluated in three phases: acute (0-24 h), delayed (25-120 h) and overall (0-120 h). An individual with TP had no vomiting or severe retching that required rescue measures, with a maximum nausea score of ≤ 25 mm on the 100 mm Nausea Rating Scale.

Statistical methods

The data were analyzed and processed using SPSS 25.0 statistical software. The baseline characteristics of the two groups were compared by mean ± standard deviation (± s), independent sample t-test and chi-square test. The χ2 test was used to analyze whether the genotype distribution conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg genetic balance law. The χ2 test was used for univariate analysis, Fisher’s exact test was used when the theoretical frequency was less than 5. Multivariate analysis was performed using binary logistic regression. P < 0.05 means the difference is statistically significant.

Results

Hardy-Weinberg balance test

In this study, except for HTR3B rs1062613 and Serotonin transporter Promoter rs956304 gene loci, the detection rates were 29% and 68%, respectively, and the detection rates of other SNP loci were ≥ 94%. The Chi-square test found that, except for the following 6 gene loci, the distribution frequencies of the other loci were consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law (P > 0.05). These 6 loci include: TACR1 SNP (rs3821313), CYP2D6 SNPs (rs3892097, rs1065852), DPYD SNPs (rs3918290, rs67376798), RB1/LPAR6 SNP (rs2854344). The agreement of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law suggests that the samples come from the same Mendelian group and are representative of the group.

Single factor test of CINV association analysis

As shown in Table 2, the results of the χ2 test in the olanzapine group showed that increased TP in the acute phase was associated with the HTR3A rs1176719 non-GG genotype (P = 0.000) and rs2276303 GG (P = 0.016) genotype. Increased TP in the delayed phase was associated with HTR3A rs1176719 non-GG (P = 0.002), ERCC1 rs3212986 CC (P = 0.018), ERCC4 rs744154 non-CC (P = 0.003) genotypes. The χ2 test results of the aprepitant group showed that the increased TP in the acute phase was associated with the MTHFR rs1801131 TT(P = 0.0029) genotype, and the increased TP in the delayed phase was associated with HTR3A rs1062613 CC (P = 0.002), HTR3B -100-102AAG deletion wild type (P = 0.047), rs7943062 GG (P = 0.010), HTR3C rs6766410 non-CC (P = 0.013) and MTHFR rs1801131 TT (P = 0.003) genotypes.

Table 2 Univariate analysis of the relationship between TP and SNP alleles in olanzapine and aprepitant group at each stage
Full size table

Multivariate logistic regression analysis of CINV association analysis

In order to adjust possible confounding factors, the genotypes with statistically significant differences in single factor analysis of grouping, gender, acute phase and delayed phase were further included in the multivariate Logistic regression model for multivariate analysis. Table 3 shows that HTR3B rs7943062 GG genotype, HTR3C rs6766410 non-CC genotype and MTHFR rs1801131 TT genotype are potential independent protective factors for the TP rate of CINV in the delayed phase.

Table 3 Multivariate logistic regression for TP and some SNPs during acute and delayed phases
Full size table

Discussion

This study used a prospective randomized controlled trial to observe the antiemetic effect of chemotherapy patients with different genetic polymorphisms, and most similar studies at home and abroad have chosen this research method. In this study, we explored the association between the TP rate of olanzapine or aprepitant triple antiemetic regimen to prevent multi-day cisplatin-induced CINV and 36 CINV-related gene polymorphisms. The results showed that multiple polymorphisms were associated with CINV. The results of univariate analysis showed that CINV was correlated with HTR3A SNPs (rs1176719, rs2276303, rs1062613), HTR3B SNPs (rs45460698, rs7943062), HTR3C SNPs (rs6766410), ERCC1 SNPs (rs3212986), ERCC4 SNPs (rs744154) and MTHFR SNPs (rs1801131). After multivariate correction analysis, excluding the influence of olanzapine and aprepitant grouping and gender, it was shown that HTR3B rs7943062, HTR3C rs6766410, and MTHFR rs1801131 gene polymorphisms were associated with CINV. Patients with HTR3B rs7943062 GG genotype had a lower risk of delayed CINV after chemotherapy than patients with non-GG genotype. Patients with HTR3C rs6766410 CC genotype had a higher risk of delayed CINV after chemotherapy than patients with non-CC genotype. Patients with MTHFR rs1801131 TT genotype had a lower risk of delayed CINV after chemotherapy than patients with non-TT genotype. Therefore, the above SNPs may serve as genetic markers of CINV association and become potential genetic targets for CINV prevention and treatment.

rs1062613 is located in the promoter region of the HTR3A receptor and can regulate the expression of the entire receptor gene [20]. The study of Kaiser et al. did not find any correlation between HTR3A rs1062613 and CINV [21]. Another pharmacogenetic study of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy found that patients carrying the rs1062613 non-CC variant allele had poorer nausea and vomiting scores. This is consistent with our univariate analysis results that rs1062613 non-CC had a lower TP in the delayed phase [22]. A foreign basic research showed that the C allele of rs1062613 was related to the low expression of serotonin, which also supported our findings [23].

The results of univariate analysis in this study showed that the non-GG genotype of HTR3A rs1176719 in the olanzapine group was related to the TP rate in the overall phase, and the rs2276303 GG genotype was related to the TP rate in the acute phase. However, the study by Kaiser et al. did not find the correlation between rs1176719 and rs2276303 SNPs and CINV [21]. Both rs1176719 and rs2276303 are located in the intron region of the HTR3A receptor. Although they are not directly involved in protein translation, introns, as the main components of broken genes, may play an important role in gene expression. Studies have found that intron mutations can produce multiple different proteins from the same gene due to different splicing sites after transcription. Abnormal expression of protein may activate some recessive splice sites, leading to disease [23, 24]. However, so far, no other studies on the relationship between the above gene loci and CINV have been retrieved, and the above results in this study need to be further verified in other races and with a larger sample size.

The − 100_-102AAG deletion (rs45460698) located in the promoter region is a common polymorphism in the 5-HT3B subunit. Tremblay et al. found that in all Caucasian patients who experienced CINV, the frequency of vomiting was significantly increased in patients with − 100_-120delAAG deletion [25]. Another Korean study also found that HTR3B -100_-102delAAG deletion variants had higher acute nausea and vomiting than wild-type patients [26]. These studies are consistent with our univariate analysis results, the wild-type gene has a higher TP rate, and the HTR3B -100_-102delAAG genotype may be an independent factor affecting CINV. For patients carrying the − 100_-102delAAG deletion mutation, it may be considered to add or alternately use antiemetic drugs on the basis of 5-HT3 antagonists to control acute vomiting, but it is still necessary to expand the sample size and further determine the population.

SNP rs7943062 is located at the mutation site in the 3’ non-coding region of the HTR3B gene. They are not directly involved in the translation process of the protein, and may change the expression and activity of the 5-HT3B receptor by affecting the translation regulation process. We found that the TP rate of CINV in the delayed phase of patients with GG genotype of this gene locus was higher than that of patients with non-GG genotype. In a study by Perwitasari et al. on 202 Indonesian patients using cisplatin as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, 8 mg ondansetron and 8 mg dexamethasone were routinely given intravenously as CINV prophylaxis before chemotherapy. However, the results did not show that the rs7943062 gene polymorphism was associated with CINV [17]. We analyzed that there may be the following reasons: Perwitasari et al. did not control age, gender and other non-research factors that may affect CINV, ethnic differences and different prevention programs will affect the research results [27].

The non-synonymous SNP of HTR3C rs6766410 results in the replacement of aspartic acid at position 163 with lysine. This may affect the electrostatic potential at the interface between two adjacent subunits of the serotonin receptor, thereby indirectly changing the structure of the receptor [28]. In patients with primary breast cancer treated with epirubicin (with or without cyclophosphamide)-naive chemotherapy, Fasching et al. showed that homozygosity for the rare C allele at rs6766410 was associated with emesis in the acute phase. This supports the findings of this study that the HTR3C rs6766410 non-CC genotype has a higher TP rate in the delayed phase [29]. The study by Mukoyama et al. also showed consistent results [16]. In contrast, homozygosity for the CC allele was found to be associated with reduced severity of CINV in the acute phase in the study by Pud et al. [30]. The study by Ward et al. did not show a correlation between the two [31]. Three studies involving the same SNP showed three completely different results. It can be seen that the reasons for the induction of CINV are complex, not only involving the regulation of the nervous system, but also affected by various external environmental factors. In addition, the intrinsic association between clinical outcomes and gene expression is influenced by statistical methods and the sample size of the study population. Therefore, a larger, well-designed prospective randomized controlled study is needed to further clarify its relationship.

A study by Yokoi et al. examined 156 Japanese patients receiving cisplatin chemotherapy. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, ERCC1 rs3212986 AA genotype was significantly associated with acute phase CINV. This is consistent with the findings of this study that rs3212986 CC type has a higher delay phase TP rate [12]. The reason may be that the ERCC1 rs3212986 A allele can reduce the expression of its encoded DNA endonuclease in normal gastrointestinal tissues, which can promote the dysfunction of small intestinal cells caused by anticancer drugs, thereby inducing CINV [12].

Our univariate analysis found that olanzapine-treated patients had a delayed TP rate associated with the ERCC4 rs744154 non-CC genotype. However, a study of gene polymorphisms and chemotherapy toxicity in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with platinum and paclitaxel chemotherapy showed that there was no correlation between rs744154 SNP and CINV [32]. Since ERCC4 is involved in the metabolism of platinum, genetic variation of this gene may affect the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic pathways of platinum, further leading to differences in response and tolerance among patients [33]. However, the distribution of variant genes in different populations may lead to differences in chemotherapy toxicity in Asians and Caucasians.

This study found that the incidence of CINV in patients with TT genotype at MTHFR rs1801131 in the aprepitant group was lower than that in patients with non-TT genotype, which was consistent with the results reported by Gao et al. in Chinese gastric cancer patients [11]. It is suggested that the T allele of rs1801131 at this locus may be a protective factor for CINV in Chinese population. No relevant foreign literature has been retrieved yet, suggesting that this locus has value for research in different populations.

This study has not found any correlation between the following genes and CINV: HTR3A SNPs (rs1176722, rs909411, rs1176713), HTR3B SNPs (rs2276305, rs4938058, rs1176744, rs12795805, rs3758987), HTR3D SNPs (rs6443930), Serotonin transporter Promoter SNPs (rs956304), ERCC1 SNPs (rs11615), ERCC4 SNPs (rs25487), MTHFR SNPs (rs1801133), ABCG2 SNPs (rs2231142, rs2238476, rs246240, rs2231137), FAS/CD95 SNPs (rs2234978), CCL2 SNPs (rs2530797), TACR1 SNPs (rs3755468, rs3771836, rs17838409, rs2111375, rs3821313, rs6715729), CYP2D6 SNPs (rs16947, rs3892097, rs1065852), DPYD SNPs (rs3918290, rs67376798), ALDH2 SNPs (rs671), ATP7B SNPs (rs1801244), RB1/LPAR6 SNPs (rs2854344). Although some domestic and foreign studies have found that some of these genes are associated with CINV, there is a lack of confirmation from strictly designed clinical research data. Further research on the functional characteristics of these SNPs is needed to verify their association with CINV.

The results of this experiment can conclude that the gene polymorphisms of HTR3A, HTR3B, HTR3C, ERCC1, ERCC4 and MTHFR may be involved in the occurrence and development of CINV. This is basically consistent with the previous research results at home and abroad, but when it comes to the relationship between some genotypes and clinical symptoms, the research results are not completely the same in different populations. The prevention and treatment of CINV is affected by multiple factors such as race, emetogenic drugs, prevention programs, and evaluation indicators. Therefore, the interpretation and promotion of clinical research results need to be cautious.

This study has some limitations. First, this study did not measure antiemetic drug concentrations in plasma or cerebrospinal fluid, and no pharmacokinetic information was available. Therefore, we were unable to elucidate the basis of SNP action and the mechanism of response to antiemetics Secondly, the sample size used to analyze gene polymorphisms and TP rates is relatively small, so clinical studies with larger sample sizes are needed to provide stronger evidence support in the future.

Conclusion

In summary, we examined the correlation between related gene polymorphisms and the TP rate of CINV. We also confirmed the relationship between the TP rate and each gene locus in patients in northern China who received multi-day chemotherapy with cisplatin. This study reveals that HTR3B rs7943062 GG genotype, HTR3C rs6766410 non-CC genotype, and MTHFR rs1801131 TT genotype are independent protective factors for delayed CINV in northern Chinese population. Our research, by identifying the risk of CINV in patients with different gene polymorphisms on the basis of pharmacogenetics, has certain value for the screening of CINV susceptible population in China, which is helpful to prevent CINV and improve the quality of life of cancer patients. In the future, the development of simple kits can help to quickly screen CINV high-risk groups to guide the use of chemotherapy regimens or antiemetic regimens.

Data Availability

The datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are included within the article.

References

  1. Jin Y, Jin G, Zhao J, et al. Clinical Observation of Gene Polymorphism of Olanzapine or Aprepitant in Prevention of CINV. Pharmgenomics Pers Med. 2021;14:867–75. https://doi.org/10.2147/PGPM.S317229. Published 2021 Jul 15.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Soefje SA. Strategies to improve CINV outcomes in managed care. Am J Manag Care. 2018;24(18 Suppl):398–S404.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Sekine I, Segawa Y, Kubota K et al. Risk factors of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: index for personalized antiemetic prophylaxis[J]. Cancer Sci 2013,104(6):711–7.

  4. Natale JJ. Overview of the prevention and management of CINV. Am J Manag Care. 2018;24(18 Suppl):391–S397.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Thompson AJ, Lummis SC. 5-HT3 receptors. Curr Pharm Des. 2006;12(28):3615–30. https://doi.org/10.2174/138161206778522029.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Barnes NM, Hales TG, Lummis SC, Peters JA. The 5-HT3 receptor–the relationship between structure and function. Neuropharmacology. 2009;56(1):273–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.08.003.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Niesler B, Kapeller J, Hammer C, Rappold G. Serotonin type 3 receptor genes: HTR3A, B, C, D, E. Pharmacogenomics. 2008;9(5):501–4. https://doi.org/10.2217/14622416.9.5.501.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Hoyer D, Hannon JP, Martin GR. Molecular, pharmacological and functional diversity of 5-HT receptors[J]. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2002,71(4):533–54.

  9. Tzvetkov MV, Saadatmand AR, Bokelmann K, et al. Effects of OCT1 polymorphisms on the cellular uptake, plasma concentrations and efficacy of the 5-HT(3) antagonists tropisetron and ondansetron[J]. Pharmacogenomics J. 2012;12(1):22–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Lee AM, Shi Q, Pavey E et al. DPYD variants as predictors of 5-fluorouracil toxicity in adjuvant Colon Cancer Treatment (NCCTG N0147)[J]. JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute,2014,106(12).

  11. Gao Changming L, Jianwei T, Toshiro et al. Research on the relationship between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism and sensitivity to gastric cancer chemotherapy [J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2004(12): 52–6.

  12. Yokoi M, Tsuji D, Suzuki K, et al. Genetic risk factors for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with cancer receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Support Care Cancer. 2018;26(5):1505–13.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Tsuji D, Yokoi M, Suzuki K, et al. Influence of ABCB1 and ABCG2 polymorphisms on the antiemetic efficacy in patients with cancer receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy: a TRIPLE pharmacogenomics study. Pharmacogenomics J. 2017;17(5):435–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Oliva D, Nilsson M, Andersson B, et al. Single nucleotide polymorphisms might influence chemotherapy induced nausea in women with Breast cancer[J]. Clin Translational Radiation Oncol. 2017;2:1–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Kitamura T, Qian BZ, Soong D et al. CCL2-induced chemokine cascade promotes Breast cancer Metastasis by enhancing retention of metastasis-associated macrophages[J]. J Exp Med 2015,212(7):1043–59.

  16. Mukoyama N, Yoshimi A, Goto A et al. An analysis of behavioral and genetic risk factors for Chemotherapy-Induced nausea and vomiting in Japanese Subjects[J]. Biol Pharm Bull 2016,39(11):1852–8.

  17. Yang Q, Liu X, Jiang Y, Ma J, Nan. Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2023;43(6):1017–22. https://doi.org/10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.06.18.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D, Consort Group. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao. 2010;8(7):604–12. https://doi.org/10.3736/jcim20100702.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. J. B. McCrea, A. K. Majumdar, M. R. Goldberg et al., “Effects of the neurokinin1 receptor antagonist aprepitant on the pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone and methylprednisolone,” Clinical Pharmacology & erapeutics, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 17–24, 2003.

  20. Niesler B, Flohr T, Nöthen MM, et al. Association between the 5’ UTR variant C178T of the serotonin receptor gene HTR3A and bipolar affective disorder. Pharmacogenetics. 2001;11(6):471–5. https://doi.org/10.1097/00008571-200108000-00002.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Kaiser R, Tremblay PB, Sezer O, Possinger K, Roots I, Brockmöller J. Investigation of the association between 5-HT3A receptor gene polymorphisms and efficiency of antiemetic treatment with 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. Pharmacogenetics. 2004;14(5):271–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/00008571-200405000-00001.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Lehmann AS, Renbarger JL, McCormick CL, Topletz AR, Rouse C, Haas DM. Pharmacogenetic predictors of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy severity and response to antiemetic therapy: a pilot study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013;13:132. Published 2013 Jun 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-13-132.

  23. Kapeller J, Houghton LA, Mönnikes H, et al. First evidence for an association of a functional variant in the microRNA-510 target site of the serotonin receptor-type 3E gene with diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Hum Mol Genet. 2008;17(19):2967–77. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddn195.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Krzywkowski K, Davies PA, Feinberg-Zadek PL, Bräuner-Osborne H, Jensen AA. High-frequency HTR3B variant associated with major depression dramatically augments the signaling of the human 5-HT3AB receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105(2):722–7. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0708454105.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. Tremblay PB, Kaiser R, Sezer O, et al. Variations in the 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3B receptor gene as predictors of the efficacy of antiemetic treatment in cancer patients. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21(11):2147–55. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.05.164.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Kang G, Kim KR, Shim HJ, et al. Effect of the allelic variants of ABCB1, CYP2D6 and HTR3B on response of ramosetron to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in Korean cancer patients. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol. 2017;13(1):53–60. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajco.12575.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Perwitasari DA, Wessels JA, van der Straaten RJ, et al. Association of ABCB1, 5-HT3B receptor and CYP2D6 genetic polymorphisms with ondansetron and metoclopramide antiemetic response in Indonesian cancer patients treated with highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2011;41(10):1168–76. https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyr117.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. De Rienzo F, Del Cadia M, Menziani MC. A first step towards the understanding of the 5-HT3 receptor subunit heterogeneity from a computational point of view. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2012;14(36):12625–12636. https://doi.org/10.1039/c2cp41028a.

  29. Fasching PA, Kollmannsberger B, Strissel PL, et al. Polymorphisms in the novel serotonin receptor subunit gene HTR3C show different risks for acute chemotherapy-induced vomiting after anthracycline chemotherapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2008;134(10):1079–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-008-0387-1.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Pud D, Har-Zahav G, Laitman Y, et al. Association between variants of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3 C (HTR3C) and chemotherapy-induced symptoms in women receiving adjuvant treatment for Breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2014;144(1):123–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-014-2832-y.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Ward MB, Kotasek D, McKinnon RA. Investigation of HTR3C mutations for association with 5HT(3) receptor antagonist anti-emetic efficacy. Pharmacogenomics. 2008;9(8):1027–33. https://doi.org/10.2217/14622416.9.8.1027.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Lamba JK, Fridley BL, Ghosh TM, Yu Q, Mehta G, Gupta P. Genetic variation in platinating agent and taxane pathway genes as predictors of outcome and toxicity in advanced non-small-cell Lung cancer. Pharmacogenomics. 2014;15(12):1565–74. https://doi.org/10.2217/pgs.14.107.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Wheeler HE, Gamazon ER, Stark AL, et al. Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies variants associated with platinating agent susceptibility across populations. Pharmacogenomics J. 2013;13(1):35–43. https://doi.org/10.1038/tpj.2011.38.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We acknowledge all participated patients in this study.

Funding

This study was supported by Ordos Health Commission Key discipline Project; Inner Mongolia Medical University Science and Technology million Project funding; Inner Mongolia natural science foundation 2021MS08133;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Talent Development Fund 202265.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Yilan Jin and Feng Chen contributed equally to this study.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Infectious diseases Department, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, 010017, China

    Yilan Jin

  2. Department of Medical Oncology, Ordos Central Hospital, 23th Yijinhuoluo Western Road, Ordos, 017000, China

    Feng Chen, Juan Zhao, Ying Jiang, Gaowa Jin & Quanfu Li

  3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, China

    Zewei Zhang

Authors
  1. Yilan Jin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Feng Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Juan Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ying Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Gaowa Jin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Zewei Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Quanfu Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Quanfu Li and Gaowa Jin participated in supervision, project administration and funding acquisition. Quanfu Li participated in writing-original draft, conceptualization, methodology, funding acquisition, and software. Yilan Jin and Feng Chen participated in investigation, formal analysis, and data curation. Researchers of the study investigation included Juan Zhao and Ying Jiang. Zewei Zhang was responsible for software.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zewei Zhang or Quanfu Li.

Ethics declarations

Ethical approval and consent to participate

This study was approval by the Ethics Committee of Ordos Central Hospital (2020-006). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary Material 1

Rights and permissions

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jin, Y., Chen, F., Zhao, J. et al. A randomized trial evaluating the association between related gene polymorphism and nausea and vomiting induced by cisplatin multi-day chemotherapy. BMC Med Genomics 16, 276 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12920-023-01719-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12920-023-01719-0

Keywords

BMC Medical Genomics

ISSN: 1755-8794

Contact us